{"id":1151,"date":"2017-12-08T20:17:00","date_gmt":"2017-12-08T19:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/2017\/12\/08\/should-you-bet-on-what-the-wealthy-do-today\/"},"modified":"2017-12-08T20:17:00","modified_gmt":"2017-12-08T19:17:00","slug":"should-you-bet-on-what-the-wealthy-do-today","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/should-you-bet-on-what-the-wealthy-do-today\/","title":{"rendered":"Should You Bet on What The Wealthy Do Today?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>by&nbsp;@WillyBraun along and thoughtful&nbsp;post on where to look in search of innovation.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/daphni-chronicles\/should-you-bet-on-what-the-wealthy-do-today-60a821161cdd\">Should You Bet on What The Wealthy Do Today? \u2013 chronicles \u2013 Medium<\/a><\/p>\n<p>If you look at what the wealthy do\u2026&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\">\u201cscale economies and online efficiencies will combine to keep driving prices down within this business model, and entrepreneurs will soon <\/span>realise<span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\"> that the middle class is a huge market, and so tailor offerings toward it.\u201d<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b; font-family: inherit;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); letter-spacing: -0.06300000101327896px;\">Thus,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span>Hal Varian concluded \u201ca simple way to forecast the future is to look at what rich people have today; middle-income people will have something equivalent in 10 years, and poor people will have it in an additional decade.<span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); letter-spacing: -0.06300000101327896px;\">&nbsp;Think of VCRs, flat-screen TVs, mobile phones, and the like. Today, rich people have chauffeurs. In 10 years or less, middle-income drivers will be able to afford robotic cars that drive themselves, at least in some circumstances\u201d.<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); letter-spacing: -0.06300000101327896px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">The belief in the Varian Rule has certainly driven many VCs to bet heavily on the \u201con-demand economy\u201d, which tried to replicate the convenience of services dedicated to the ultra wealthy for mainstream consumers.<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\">BUT<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #1b1b1b;\"><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><strong style=\"color: #1b1b1b; max-width: 100%;\">The decreased transaction costs, increased convenience and decreased barriers to entry, might increase the market and change the habits of the upper middle class in the megalopolis, but it would be very surprising -all things being equal- if these habits would become international mainstream.&nbsp;<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\">It is just too expensive since a large percentage of the costs are not compressible.<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #1b1b1b;\"><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #1b1b1b;\"><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-urblIhNrziM\/WiriYYXkwII\/AAAAAAAAC1c\/D23FZ3nA5zMCZ9HtAkaQFSwqB9pm8OxYACK4BGAYYCw\/s1600\/0*3SiRjk1rKF38Wp8Q..png\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" height=\"483\" src=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-urblIhNrziM\/WiriYYXkwII\/AAAAAAAAC1c\/D23FZ3nA5zMCZ9HtAkaQFSwqB9pm8OxYACK4BGAYYCw\/s640\/0*3SiRjk1rKF38Wp8Q..png\" width=\"640\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #1b1b1b;\"><span style=\"background-color: white;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">I think we should make at least three observations about these discoveries:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 29px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"42d5\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">The Varian Rule seems eventually quite compelling in the light of these generalizations&nbsp;<\/span>(earlier adopters have a higher social status, and overall, more wealth).<\/span><\/li>\n<li name=\"b67a\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">These relationship are mere correlations.&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">No causality can be concluded on the basis of available cross-sectional data<\/span>. In other other words: we cannot know&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">whether earlier adopters innovate because they are richer or if they are richer because they innovate<\/span>&nbsp;(mostly thanks to an increase of productivity).<\/span><\/li>\n<li name=\"d4b6\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">If you assume that earlier adopters become richer because they innovate (and point 6 could be an indicator of that), the Varian Rule could be (at least partially) invalidated:&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">innovations could not go from the wealthy to the non-wealthy but from the soon-to-be wealthy to the already wealthy (and then to the non-wealthy).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.06300000101327896px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">But if we say that the Varian Rule covers only a subsegment of the segment of early adopters, who are the other people to observe?<\/span><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.012em;\"><b>Opinion Leadership, Diffusion Networks, Weak Ties &amp; Change&nbsp;Agents<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\">If we try to summarize all of this and develop our understanding of diffusion of innovation, we shall say that:&nbsp;<\/span><strong style=\"color: #1b1b1b; max-width: 100%;\">opinion leaders are super effective in bringing behavior change and diffusing innovations<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b;\">. They can be rich. But they not always are. They are the people to observe closely.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b; font-family: inherit;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b; font-family: &quot;georgia&quot;;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">CONCLUSION<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"a0f1\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">Research traditions indicate that<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">&nbsp;the main challenge for a given innovation to become mainstream, is to cross the chasm from the early adopters to the early majority<\/span>. When the chasm is crossed, you reach a critical mass (tipping point).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"7146\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">-Research suggests that, overall,<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">&nbsp;innovators and early adopters are wealthy, so it can be a good idea to just observe what the wealthy do to predict future usages<\/span>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"c229\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">-Yet, innovations and early adopters might only&nbsp;<em style=\"font-feature-settings: 'liga' 1, 'salt' 1;\">become<\/em>&nbsp;wealthy by their use of innovations (increased productivity &amp; economic attraction), which has been the case for many innovations brought to the market \u201cby the street\u201d. So<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">&nbsp;solely focusing on the wealthy would NOT allow to fully predict future usages (it would be only partial)<\/span>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"4cee\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">-Observing the wealthy, as suggested by the Varian Rule, is especially a good idea when the products and services can become significantly cheaper through technology, at a fast pace<\/span>&nbsp;(which would explain why VCs focus on scalability and on products and services where marginal costs can be very low).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"21cb\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 14px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">-To make sure not to miss an innovation,&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">we should observe opinion leaders&nbsp;<\/span>(and many rich people are, so it\u2019s not a pure contradiction of the Varian Rule)<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">, the more cosmopolite and mobile they are, the better bridge links they will be<\/span>. These people are often at the crossroad of many social, economic and cultural systems and often a good way to predict the future.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.843137); counter-reset: post 0; list-style: none none; margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<li name=\"217c\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit;\">If you apply this topic for VCs, two big questions remain:<\/span><\/li>\n<li name=\"217c\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">1.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">Should VCs only focus on innovations when they already reach the opinion leaders, or should they also fund products and services before they do<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">&nbsp;(R&amp;D stage or before launch)? Market practices suggest that institutional investors focus on the former (excepting seed &amp; pre-series A investments), especially because the expected value of these investments are higher (higher probability of success).<\/span><\/li>\n<li name=\"217c\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li name=\"217c\" style=\"--baseline-multiplier: 0.17; --x-height-multiplier: 0.375; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 1.58; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">2. If VCs focus on the innovations that already reached opinion leaders (and started to have some tractions), the other big question is:&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">how to determine which innovations you should bet on?<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.003em;\">&nbsp;If there is a chasm between the early adopters and the early majority, it\u2019s because many innovations talked about by opinions leaders will never work\u2026 But that\u2019s for another post.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #1b1b1b; font-family: &quot;georgia&quot;;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by&nbsp;@WillyBraun along and thoughtful&nbsp;post on where to look in search of innovation. Should You Bet on What The Wealthy Do Today? \u2013 chronicles \u2013 Medium If you look at what the wealthy do\u2026&nbsp;\u201cscale economies and online efficiencies will combine to keep driving prices down within this business model, and entrepreneurs will soon realise that the  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cosillas-empresariales","category-innovacion"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1151"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1151\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/silta.es\/juantatay\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}